Omission
Because of the difference in syntax and usage between Chinese and English the methods of“amplification”and“omission”are called for, depending on the real meaning of the original and the usage of the language to be translated into.
1. Omission of the "article". e. g.
"That veteran scientist says，‘Remote sensing of the earth from man-made satellites seems to have an extremely promising future. ’ ”
“那位老科学家说，‘从人造卫星上对地球进行遥感勘测，其前途看来是不可限量的。’ ”
2. Omission of“possessive pronoun”, e. g.
“Seamen who went on the first great voyages of discovery in the Antarctic got their drinking water by melting blocks of ice. ”
“最初航行在南极地区从事伟大科学考察的船员和水手，就是靠融化冰块来获取饮用水的。”(Here the possessive pronoun“their' which is syntactically necessary in English，should be omitted in the Chinese version, in line with the usage of the Chinese language.)
3. Omission of the“relative pronoun”，“relative adverb”or“pronoun”.
“There is a certain aeroplane noise which is quite unmistakable. ”
“有一种飞机的响声是完全不会被听错的。”
“Indeed there are times when it (speed) can be a great disadvantage. ”
“的确，有时候飞得快反而会成为很大的缺点。”
4. Omission of“structural words”.
Some“structural words”，though necessary in English syntactically, should be omitted, too. e, g.
“Some of the machine tools are so small that they can be moved by hand. Others are so big that they weigh 100 tons or more. ”
“有些机床很小，用手就可以搬动；另外一些则很大，重达100吨或100吨以上。”
5. Omission of“formal subject‘it’”or “formal object‘it’” e. g.
“It would not be appropriate to discuss this matter at length in a book on one branch of science.”
“在一本只涉及某一科学分支的书里详尽地讨论这个问题是不合适的。”
6. Omission of“linking verbs”or those verbs which serve as“linking verbs”，e, g.
“It is permissibJe, however, to postulate that the effect of viscosity is confined to a thin boundary layer (except where flow separation occurs) so that the main flow is approximately dependent only on Mach number. ”
“然而，可以假定，粘性影响只局限在一层薄薄的附面层之内（流动发生分离的情形除外）因此，主流仍然近似地只同马赫数有关。”
7. Omission of“signs of comparison”in the Chinese version.
On this question, two paints are to be noted.
First，there are quite a few English expressions which, though of a "comparative degree" in form，stand for a specific concept or state of affairs; and this kind of "comparative degree" is usually not to be expressed in the Chinese version, e. g, "Many seats of higher learning have graduate programs in this field." In this sentence “higher learning”means“高等学问”。So the sentence should be translated into：“许多高等学问的研究场所（如大学、研究院、所等）都开设这方面的研究生课程。”Similarly, “higher education”——“高等教育”；“younger generation”——“年轻的一代”；“better students”——“优秀学生”；“weaker states”——“弱国”etc.
Second, whereas in English there are“signs of comparison”like “-er” and “-est”，in Chinese too there are “更” and “最”. Howevert we should on no account equate“更” with“-er”and“最”with “-est” in a mechanical way. For instance, how are we to translate“To make this simpler, research workers often use specific gravity instead of density." According to usage of the Chinese language, “更”is not called for and the sentence should normally be rendered into：“为了简便，研究人员常常使用比重而不用密度。”Similarly, we should translate "But if the steel plate is shaped into a ship, the air that is in the space in the steel hull makes the specific gravity of the ship smaller." into“但是，如果将钢板做成船的话，那么，钢质船体内所含的空气使船的比重减小。”“It is enough to know that the sound becomes weaker as the air is taken from the bottle. ”into“只要知道当空气从瓶中抽出时铃声变弱就够了。”“This laboratory is smaller than that one. ”——“这个实验室比那个小。”
参考译文
省略法
因为汉语同英语在句法上和用法上的差异，要求根据原文的真正意义和被译成语言的用法而采用“增字法”和“省略法”。
1. 冠词的省咯
（例句和译文参考上文。）
2. 所有格代词的省略
(例句和译文参考上文。）
（句中的所有格代词“their”从英语的句法要求来看是必要的，但根据汉语的用法，却应予以省略。）
3. 关系代词、关系副词或代词的省略
（例句及译文考上文。）
4. 结构用词的省略
尽管从英语句法上看来有些结构用词是必需的，但在汉译中也应省略。
(例句及其译文参考上文。）
5. 形式主语或形式宾语(it)的省略
(例句及其译文参考上文。）
6. 联系动同或起联系动词作用的动词的省略。
(例句及其译文参考上文。）
7. 汉译中省珞“比较级的标记”
在这个问题上，有两点要注意。
第一，有相当多的英语表述，尽管在形式上用的是“比较级”，但却表示事物的具体概念或状态。因此，这类“比较级”在汉语中通常不表示出来。例如：Many seats of higher learning have graduate programs in this field. 在这个句子中“higher learning”的意思是“高等学问”。因此该句应译成：许多髙等学问的研究场所（如大学、研究院、所等)都开设这方面的研究生课程。与此类似：“higher education”是“高等教育”：“younger generation”是“年轻的一代”；“better students”是“优秀学生”；“weaker states”是“弱国”等等。
第二，像英语中有“-er ”和“-est ”一类比较级的标记一样，汉语中也有“更”字和“最”字，但是，决不可机械地把“更”字同“~er”、把“最”字同“-est”划上等号。例如，如何翻译“To make this simpler, research workers often use specific gravity instead of density. ”按照汉语的用法，不需要用“更”字，句子通常应译成：为了简便、研究人员常常使用比重而不用密度。与此类似，（例句参考上文。）
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